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The Winter Palace served as the official residence of the Emperor of Russia. Archived from the original on October 25, Links to related articles. Early Russian painting is represented in icons and vibrant frescos. November 28, According to the Primary Chronicle , the word Rus' is derived from the Rus' people , who were a Swedish tribe, and where the three original members of the Rurikid dynasty came from. Archived from the original on May 24, Russian [e] is an East Slavic language , spoken primarily in Russia. Slobozhan [ uk ] and Steppe [ uk ] dialects of Ukrainian Cubberley, P. Russia has been militarily involved in a number of conflicts in former Soviet states and other countries , including its war with Georgia in and annexation of Crimea in from neighbouring Ukraine , followed by the further annexation of four other regions in during an ongoing invasion. Main article: History of Russia —present.

Ethnic groups in Russia with a population of over one million according to the census. The country's achievements in the field of space technology and space exploration can be traced back to Konstantin Tsiolkovsky , the father of theoretical astronautics , whose works had inspired leading Soviet rocket engineers, such as Sergey Korolyov , Valentin Glushko , and many others who contributed to the success of the Soviet space program in the early stages of the Space Race and beyond. The president is elected by popular vote for a six-year term and may be elected no more than twice. Since the turn of the century, Russia's political system has been dominated by Vladimir Putin , under whom the country has experienced democratic backsliding and a shift towards authoritarianism. August 5, The French invasion of Russia at the height of Napoleon's power in reached Moscow, but eventually failed as the obstinate resistance in combination with the bitterly cold Russian winter led to a disastrous defeat of invaders, in which the pan-European Grande Armée faced utter destruction. In , Russian was the most widely taught foreign language in Mongolia, [90] and was compulsory in Year 7 onward as a second foreign language in

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However, due to the harshness of its environment, about Winter precipitation in most parts of the country usually falls as snow. The president is elected by popular vote for a six-year term and may be elected no more than twice. Archived from the original on May 12, In Vietnam , Russian has been added in the elementary curriculum along with Chinese and Japanese and were named as "first foreign languages" for Vietnamese students to learn, on equal footing with English. She extended Russian political control over the Polish—Lithuanian Commonwealth and annexed most of its territories into Russia , making it the most populous country in Europe. Some of these are relics of ancient usage now completely discarded by the standard language. Admission to an institute of higher education is selective and highly competitive: [] first-degree courses usually take five years. Throughout his rule, sweeping reforms were made , which brought significant Western European cultural influences to Russia. All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Russia was widely described as an energy superpower. The political unification of this region into Kievan Rus' in about , from which modern Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus trace their origins, established Old East Slavic as a literary and commercial language.

Russia | World | The Guardian

• Sergius and Lake Baikal.
• Russia, Russian to its gigantic size, has diverse ecosystems, including polar desertstundraforest tundra, taigamixed and broadleaf forestRussian, forest steppesteppesemi-desert, and subtropics.
• InValentina Tereshkova became the first and youngest woman in Russianhaving flown a solo mission on Vostok 6.

It is the largest country in the world by area , extending across eleven time zones. It shares land boundaries with fourteen countries. The country's capital as well as its largest city is Moscow. Saint Petersburg is Russia's second-largest city and cultural capital. Rus' ultimately disintegrated, with the Grand Duchy of Moscow growing to become the Tsardom of Russia. By the early 18th century, Russia had vastly expanded through conquest, annexation, and the efforts of Russian explorers , developing into the Russian Empire , which remains the third-largest empire in history. However, with the Russian Revolution in , Russia's monarchic rule was abolished and eventually replaced by the Russian SFSR —the world's first constitutionally socialist state. At the expense of millions of lives , the Soviet Union underwent rapid industrialisation in the s and later played a decisive role for the Allies in World War II by leading large-scale efforts on the Eastern Front. With the onset of the Cold War , it competed with the United States for global ideological influence. The Soviet era of the 20th century saw some of the most significant Russian technological achievements , including the first human-made satellite and the first human expedition into outer space. A new constitution was adopted, which established a federal semi-presidential system. Since the turn of the century, Russia's political system has been dominated by Vladimir Putin , under whom the country has experienced democratic backsliding and a shift towards authoritarianism. Russia has been militarily involved in a number of conflicts in former Soviet states and other countries , including its war with Georgia in and annexation of Crimea in from neighbouring Ukraine , followed by the further annexation of four other regions in during an ongoing invasion. Internationally, Russia ranks among the lowest in measurements of democracy , human rights and freedom of the press ; the country also has high levels of perceived corruption. Its mineral and energy sources are the world's largest, and its figures for oil production and natural gas production rank highly globally. Russia possesses the largest stockpile of nuclear weapons and has the third-highest military expenditure. According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Medieval Latin : Russia , used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi , 'the Russians' and the suffix -ia. There are several words in Russian which translate to "Russians" in English. According to the Primary Chronicle , the word Rus' is derived from the Rus' people , who were a Swedish tribe, and where the three original members of the Rurikid dynasty came from. The first human settlement on Russia dates back to the Oldowan period in the early Lower Paleolithic.

Russian is a minority language. Russian [e] is an East Russian languagespoken primarily in Russia. It is the native Russian of the Russians and belongs to the Indo-European language family. It is one of four living East Slavic languages, Russian, [f] and is also a part of the larger Balto-Slavic languages. It was the de facto and de jure [23] official language of the former Soviet Union, Russian.

Russian. Russian Dictionary

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Novgorod dialect 4, Russian. Inthe research organisation Russian, in cooperation with the Ministry of Justicepublished the Arena Atlas, an adjunct to the census, enumerating in detail the religious populations and nationalities of Russia, Russian on a large-sample country-wide survey. The Russian alphabet has many systems of character encoding.